Crystallizer Selection And Design


Crystallizer Design Procedure:

        The following steps are outlined for the design of a crystallizer of the Forced Circulation (FC) type. Although these calculations are limited to that style, the procedure has general application to other types of equipment.
  • Choose the type of crystallizer that best meets the requirements for (a) product size, (b) product quality, (c) process economics, and (d) scale of operation. See Table 1 for a list of the general characteristics of crystallization equipment.

  • Make a material balance, heat balance, and flow sheet. 

  • Decide what retention time is required to make the required product, (a) by experience, and (b) from growth and nucleation rate data.

  • Size the body on the basis of the controlling volume required for crystal retention with due consideration for the minimum cross-section required for vapor (evaporation) release.

  • Size the heat-transfer surface (for evaporative types) and the recirculation rate. 

  • Size the condenser and vapor pipe, and entrainment separators (for evaporative types).

  • Select the vacuum equipment (for vacuum types). 

  • Select the circulating pump or agitator. 

  • Select the slurry, feed, condensate, and related pumps. 

  • Specify the mechanical requirements and construction codes (such as ASME, UPV Section VIII) required.

Table 1 General Characteristics


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  3. The process of crystallization is divided into two stages that are primary nucleation and secondary nucleation where primary nucleation helps in the growth of new crystals and secondary nucleation is the main stage of crystal growth that ultimately leads to the crystals’ mass production.
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  4. An evaporator is a processing machine/device used to convert liquid chemicals such as water into vapors or gaseous forms. The evaporator is a chemical processing machine used by various industries for different types of chemical processing.
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  5. Crystalizer has the ability to perform Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) that helps not waste or expel any liquid. The process of crystallization is divided into two stages that are primary nucleation and secondary nucleation where primary nucleation helps in the growth of new crystals and secondary nucleation is the main stage of crystal growth that ultimately leads to the crystals’ mass production.
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